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1. Abstract 1.1. Background: Parkinsonism is a syndrome that is characterized by a reduction in dopamine and basal ganglia functioning. Its etiology can be primary, secondary, atypical, or idiopathic. The primary clinical manifestations include rigidity, bradykinesia, resting tremor, and postural instability.

1. Abstract 1.1. Introduction: An anal fissure (fissure-in-Ano) is a small, oval- shaped tear in the skin that lines the opening of the anus which is quite common in the general population. Anal fissures are either acute or chronic. Chronic fissures typically require surgical treatment, despite the emergence of new conservative techniques, such as nitric oxide donors. Surgical options include fissurectomy and lateral internal sphincterotomy (LIS).

1. Abstract 1.1. Background: MUC5B is a major gel forming mucin in the lung that plays a key role in mucociliary clearance and host defense that is secreted from proximal submucosal glands and distal airway secretory cells.

1. Abstract The human body depends on oxygen for survival. Organic tissues need an ideal oxygen supply for proper functioning. Lack of oxygen can reduce blood flow, damage tissue, cause premature aging, thin hair and even affect memory. Injured tissue needs more oxygen to survive.

1. Abstract Medical diagnostics is a basic step in disease detection and serves to monitor the effect of therapy. This is supported by the fact that 70 to 80 percent of medical decisions about therapies and methods of treating patients are based on diagnostics carried out by medical laboratories.

1. Abstract Sex typing is essential in medical diagnosis of sexlinked disease and forensic science. Gender for criminal evidence of offender is usually as the initialinformation for investigation.

1. Abstract 1.1. Introduction: Intradural disc herniation (IDH) is a rare disease that affects the spine, difficult to diagnose clinically and radiologically and easily mistaken with other types of disc herniations.

1. Abstract Popliteal Artery Entrapment Syndrome (PAES) is a rare pathological compression of the popliteal artery, mostly unilateral. Its diagnosis is a challenge due to low recurrence and confusion with other injuries that affect the lower limb.

1. Abstract Secretory carcinoma is a very rare subtype of breast carcinoma. These tumors are generally associated with a favourable prognosis, although having triple-negative phenotype (oestrogen receptors (ER), progesterone receptors (PR) negative and c-erbB2 (HER2) negative). In presentations rare secretory carcinoma of the breast in woman age 41years is discussed and the literature is reviewed [1].

1. Abstract A victim is any person who has suffered physical and mental consequences, property damage or a significant violation of fundamental rights and freedoms as a direct result of a criminal act. Spouses and common-law partners, life partners or informal life partners, and descendants are also considered victims of a criminal act.