DPP – 4 Inhibitors in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus – A Panoramic Review

1. Introduction
Diabetes mellitus, commonly referred to as diabetes, is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose levels, known as Hyperglycaemia. Its results from the body’s inability to
effectively utilize or produce insulin, a hormone essential for regulating blood sugar. Diabetes is a complex condition with multiple forms, including type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and gestational diabetes, each with distinct etiologies and pathophysiological mechanisms.