Volume 11

1. Abstract 1.1. Background: Hospital admission for upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGB) increased in cold months indicate that ambient temperature might be associated with UGB.

1. Introduction Japan’s economy recovered to the pre-war level in 1955 and start- ed to grow very fast to the end of the century. South Korea was some 20 years behind Japan, due to Korean War (1950-53) but grew fast to be on a par with Japan in the first of the current cen- tury.

1. Abstract 1.1. Background: Covid-19 has become the culprit for many cases of acute respiratory failure. However, some cardiogenic pathologies such as acute mitral regurgitation can present with similar clinical scenario. Mitral valve insufficiency is a known cause of respiratory failure, and if not diagnosed quickly, can lead to increased mortality.

1. Abstract 1.1. Objective: To investigate whether chitinase-3-like protein-1 (YKL-40) promotes the development of anorectal mucosal melanoma through the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway.

1. Introduction Diabetes mellitus, commonly referred to as diabetes, is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose levels, known as Hyperglycaemia. Its results from the body’s inability to effectively utilize or produce insulin, a hormone essential for regulating blood sugar. Diabetes is a complex condition with multiple forms, including type 1 diabetes, type