July 13, 2020

Many surgical protocols were modified to improve dental implant primary stability for the ensurance of implant success. However, the conclusions of applying osteotome condensation technique could enhance implant stability were controversial. The evaluated ISQs were calibrated to differentiate the stability improvement that applied by varied surgical technique and bone quality at recipient sites. Therefore, this study was aim to examine the developing patterns of calibrated ISQ values induced by osteotome bone condensation and conventional drilling technique at the posterior ridges.