Issue 5

The objective of this case report was to present an abnormal so cio-nutri-psychological behavior or tail-biting/chewing in weaned Holstein heifers. Dairy heifers raised under commercial systems are separated from their dams and moved to individual or group housing systems which are different from their natural environ ment. Cross-suckling and non-nutritive behaviors are common in heifers reared artificially under intensive systems, especially those with restricted milk feeding programs.

We report a case of skipped multisegmental spinal tuberculosis with tuberculous pleurisy treated with non-surgical management. We discuss the literature, trying to shine a light on the non-surgical treatment.

The search for effective COVID-19 management strategies con tinues to evolve. Severity of COVID-19 has been reported to be positively correlated with a concomitant rise in inflammatory cytokine levels (1, 2). Statins (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl co enzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors) are widely used for dyslipidemia for primary and secondary prevention of cardiac and cerebrovascular events. Statins also have anti-inflammatory ef fects, including reducing C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interferon gamma (IFNγ) which has been hypothesized in reducing the severity of COVID-19. In this study, we aimed to assess the effects of statin on the length of hospital stay and clinical outcome in patients with COVID-19.

The use of the muscle flaps for the management of complex groin wound with exposed vessels provide effective and safe coverage. The choice of flap is important depending on the size of the wound which gives adequate healthy tissue coverage delivering oxygen and antibiotic to the infected wound bed, which can prevent cata strophic events like vessel blow out. We report here usage of retro flexed gracilis muscle flap for successful covering of the exposed femoral vessels post angiography procedure.

Anti-seizure medications (ASMs) can cause cognitive or behav ioral adverse drug reactions, which is a significant consideration when selecting an appropriate ASM. Brivaracetam (BRV) is a newer synaptic vesicle protein 2A ligand, which is expected to have less neuropsychiatric adverse effects due to its mechanism of action. To understand the impact of BRV on cognition and behav ior compared with other ASMs, we conducted literatures searching from PubMed and MEDLINE databases.