Volume 14

1. Introduction Children in Northeast Asia grew steadily taller in height through most of the past half century. Reflecting substantially greater economic progress, children in Japan were taller in height than their South Korean peers in the 1950s through 1970s. Children in Korea caught up with Japanese peers in the 1990s and over took Japanese children in mean height by 3-4 cm in the mid-2000s and seem to have ceased growing any taller (Figure 1).

1. Abstract Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic autoimmune disorder triggered by gluten consumption, leading to small intestinal damage. The immune response often involves IgA antibody production, which can accumulate in gingival tissues. Periodontitis, a complex interplay of plaque and host immune inflammation shares similarities with CD’s inflammatory nature.

1. Abstract In this study, we seek to propose a hypothetical theory of western high-east low and the K&F theory (Kani and Fujii theory), similar to Bergmann’s law of north-high and south-low for height, as laws based on latitude and longitude with regard to the trends in global height distribution. Judging from the changes in height over the 100-year span from 1870 to 1970, a composition was suggested in which, taking the European region as the center, height was clearly higher in the west and lower in the east with eastward movement. In other words, it was speculated that diversity decreased as people moved east, leading to slower economic development, lower wealth, and shorter stature. Therefore, we can hypothesize a west-high, east-low composition in the height distribution over longitude. Here, we propose the K&F theory (Kani and Fujii theory) to explain the hypothetical theory of west-high, east-low.

1. Abstract 1.1. Aims Elite, professional athletes face elevated levels of stress, anxiety, or depression, which sometimes lead to use of illicit substances to mitigate stress by self-medication. This study aimed to highlight the need for developing tailored, exercise mediated approaches to recovery from substance use disorders (SUD) and alcohol use disorders (AUD), offering significant benefits for athlete-specific rehabilitation, and reintegration into their social and professional environment

1. Abstract Scleroderma is an autoimmune disease characterised by increased collagen synthesis and fibrosis affecting the skin, subcutaneous tissue and other organs.

1. Abstract It has previously been pointed out that body mass index (BMI) may have a problem in overestimating obesity in people with taller heights and underestimating it in people with shorter heights

1. Abstract 1.1. Background: This article aims to underscore the rarity and complexity of pediatric angiosarcoma through a case study of a rare parameningeal site in the middle ear. Management is challenging due to the tumor’s infiltrative nature, particularly in the head and neck region.

1. Abstract We are describing three cases of simultaneous occurrences of an epithelial lesion with a mesenchymal lesion in the gastrointestinal tract. The synchronous occurrences in first case are with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma and gastrointestinal tumor, second case is oesophageal adenocarcinoma with gastrointestinal tumor, and third case is oesophageal squamous cell cancer and gastric.