A Rare Case of Mid-Ventricular and Apical Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Hourglass Appearance on Echocardiogram
1. Abstract Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) is a genetically driven cardiac condition most often involving asymmetric septal hypertrophy. Mid-ventricular and apical variants are rare, accounting for less than 5% of cases in Western populations, and present unique diagnostic and prognostic challenges.